With the development of inflammatory changes in the mucous membrane of the esophagus, esophagitis occurs.
If the inflammation lasts up to 3 months, then they speak of acute inflammation, from 3 to 6 months – subacute, more than 6 months – chronic inflammation.
Causes of development
• Food injury.
• Occupational hazards.
• Due to stagnation of the contents in the esophagus.
• Allergies.
• Impaired metabolic processes.
• Inflammation due to reflux.
Clinical manifestations
• Dysphagia – discomfort when swallowing, a feeling of fullness, pressure when swallowing. Paroxysmal dysphagia is associated with liquid food, and permanent dysphagia is associated with solid food.
• Chest pain associated with food intake. It is combined with swallowing disorders. If we are talking about reflux esophagitis, then the pain occurs due to reflux from the stomach into the esophagus.
• Heartburn, which occurs due to irritation of the mucous membrane of the esophagus with gastric contents. Occurs after eating.
• Regurgitation and vomiting that occurs without nausea and without the involvement of abdominal muscles. In fact, this is the leakage of the contents of the esophagus into the mouth.
• Belching is sour, bitter, and rotten, especially with congestion in the esophagus.
• Morning vomiting often occurs in patients with alcoholic esophagitis. Vomiting is often persistent and leads to tears in the esophageal mucosa.
Diagnostics
X-ray examination of the esophagus
It is characterized by edematous folds of the mucous membrane, uneven contours of the esophagus itself. Erosions and ulcers of the esophagus are detected.
Esophagoscopy
Redness of the mucous membrane, mucus and erosion, small hemorrhages are signs of esophagitis.
Degrees of reflux esophagitis
Stage A – moderate redness of the mucous membrane
Stage B – erosion and phmbrine overlays.
General clinical tests are prescribed from laboratory tests. The detected anemia may indicate prolonged sluggish bleeding from erosions or ulcers.
Differential diagnosis
The most common disease of the esophagus is cancer, so all diseases need to be differentiated with it.
The primary symptoms of esophageal malignancy are:
• Swallowing disorders are the most common and earliest symptom.
• Pain when swallowing can be temporary or permanent.
• A feeling of swelling and discomfort behind the sternum.
• Regurgitation and increased salivation.
Secondary manifestations are late manifestations of cancer:
• Hoarseness of voice.
• Enlargement of regional lymph nodes.
• Paroxysmal cough.
• Vomiting.
• Wheezing.
Common symptoms:
• Weakness.
• Weight loss.
• Anemia.
Pain syndrome in esophageal lesions must be distinguished from cardialgia. In heart disease, pain is associated with physical activity and does not typically occur during meals. You should also pay attention to the signs of ischemia on the ECG.
Examinations for diseases of the esophagus
1. General clinical analyses.
2. Stool analysis for hidden blood
3. Blood Biochemistry
4. Electrocardiography
5. X-ray of the esophagus and stomach.
6. Fibroesophagogastroduodenoscopy, during which it is necessary to perform a biopsy of the mucosa with histological examination. Live betting requires a specific type of sportsbook. Not every brand handles real-time odds well. When reviewing the market, we focus on top bookmakers for live betting because stability during a match is key. You need fast updating scores, a simple cash-out feature, and a bet slip that doesn't freeze. The brands listed here, like LineBet, excel at in-play navigation. They offer quick registration and visual match. If you prefer betting while the game is running, choose a site with a high live event refresh rate. Avoid generalist sites that lack dedicated streaming or live statistics for your favorite sport.
